BIG SELF CONCEPT

BIG SELF CONCEPT

المفهوم الذات الكبيرة

       Any two ways in “Big self concept”, that is:

      A. BIG SELF CONCEPT FOR THE YEARS

      B. BIG SELF CONCEPT FOR THE DAYS

 For Example at : Mic. Exel. Big Pride Golden Down

 SEKILAS TENTANG KONSEP DIRI

1.      Pengertian Konsep Diri

Definisi konsep diri menurut para tokoh sangat beragam, yaitu:

Konsep diri adalah persepsi individu tentang dirinya, kemampuan dan ketidakmampuannya, tabiat-tabiatnya, harga dirinya dan hubungannya dengan oranglain (Rochman Natawidjaya, 1979 : 102).

Konsep diri merupakan salah satu faktor yang menentukan apakah seseorang akan berperilaku negatif atau tidak, sebab perilaku negatif merupakan perwujudan adanya gangguan dalam usaha pencapaian harga diri (Clarar  Pudjijogyanti, 1995 : 2).

Konsep diri adalah pandangan dan perasaan kita tentang diri kita, persepsi tentang diri ini boleh bersifat psikologi, sosial, dan fisis (William D. Brooks dalam Jalaluddin Rakhmat, 2003 : 99).

Konsep diri adalah penilaian tentang diri kita yang meliputi apa yang dipikirkan dan apa yang dirasakan oleh diri kita (Anita Taylor et al dalam Jalaluddin Rakhmat, 2003: 100).

Konsep diri adalah pandangan dan perasaan kita, persepsi ini boleh bersifat psikologis, sosial dan psikis (Jalaludin Rahmat, 1996: 125).

Pengertian konsep diri mengacu pada persepsi seseorang mengenai dirinya sendiri. Persepsi ini terbentuk melalui kesimpulan-kesimpulan yang diambil berdasarkan pengalaman-pengalaman dan persepsi-persepsi terutama dipengaruhi oleh reward dan punishment yang diberikan oleh seseorang atau sesuatu (mungkin, HK Tarot 1Ca) yang berarti dalam kehidupannya (akuramal.blogspot.com).

Persepsi mengenai tindakan yang mempengaruhi cara atau pandangan hidup, sehingga suatu pemahaman mengenai konsep diri seseorang merupakan dasar yang sangat berguna untuk meramalkan bagaimana seseorang itu akan bertindak.

Ada tiga alasan pentingnya konsep diri dalam menentukan perilaku seperti yang diungkapkan Clarar (Clarar Pudjijogyanti,  1995 : 5):

a.       Konsep diri mempunyai peranan dalam mempertahankan keseluruhan batin. Apabila timbul perasaan, pikiran dan persepsi yang tidak seimbang atau saling bertentangan satu sama lain, maka akan terjadi situasi psikologis yang tidak menyenangkan. untuk menyeimbangkan dan menghilangkan ketidakselarasan tersebut, individu akan mengubah perilakunya.

b.      Seluruh sikap, pandangan individu terhadap dirinya akan mempengaruhi individu dalam menafsirkan pengalamannya. Sebuah kejadian akan ditafsirkan berbeda antara individu yang satu dengan individu lainnya dikarenakan masing-masing individu mempunyai sikap dan pandangan yang berbeda terhadap dirinya.

c.       Konsep diri menentukan pengharapan individu. Pengharapan ini merupakan inti dari konsep diri. sikap dan pandangan negatif terhadap kemampuan diri akan menyebabkan individu tidak mempunyai motivasi untuk mencapai prestasi yang gemilang (Clarar Pudjijogyanti, 1995 : 5).

             Self Concept & Self-Esteem

      I.          Self-Concept

II.                Self-Esteem

III.             3 Ways to develop your Self-Concept

                        Reflected Appraisal

                        Social Comparisons

                        Cultural Expectations

      IV.      Self-fulfilling Prophecies

Activity:  “WHO AM I?”

1.         Take out a sheet of paper and # it from 1-7.

2.         I want you to answer the question “Who Am I?”

3.         You will list at least 7 I AM’s.

4.         Try to include all the characteristics that describe you.

            1.         Your moods/feelings.  (I am a happy person, depressed, sad)

            2.         Your appearance & physical condition.  (I am pretty/ ugly, thin/fat)

            3.         Your social traits.  (outgoing, shy)

4.         Talents you possess or lack.  (not a good baseball player, good tennis player)

            5.         Your intellectual capacity.  (above avg., slow learner)

            6.         Your strong beliefs.  (values)

            7.         Your social roles.  (I am a parent, student, daughter)

           

5.         Take about 3-5 minutes to do this.  Then tell them to prioritize the 1st 3 .

6.         Ask students to share their first 3 on the list.

7.         After let them know they have just given a partial description of their self-concept.

ASK WHAT IS THE SELF-CONCEPT?

I.          Self-Concept:

A.        Def:  Self-concept- is a set of relatively stable perceptions that each of us holds about ourselves.  The self-concept includes our conception about what is unique about us and what makes and what makes us both similar/different from others.          

1.         Why would a communication class focus on the self-concept???

                                               

                                                a.         The self-concept affects every aspect of our lives.

                        b.          Who you are and how you view your self influences the way you communicate with others and influences the way others will communicate with you.

Now there is much more to you then just those items we discussed at the beginning of the class.

2.         The point is that, the concept of self is perhaps our most fundamental/vital possession.  Knowing who we are is essential.                                                      

                                               

Without a self-concept it would be impossible to relate to the world.

                        B.        How does the self-concept develop (are we born with it)?

1.         Most researchers agree that we are not born with a self-concept. 

            example:          An infant lying in his/her crib has no notion of who                                                              they are.  But at about 6-7 mo. the child begins to                                                                         recognize the “self” as distinct form                                                                                       surroundings/others.  They look at their hands and                                                                  somehow the connection is made that that hand is                                                                mine.  At this early stage the self-concept is mostly physical.

2.         The self-concept is extremely subjective being almost totally a product of interacting with others.  So your self-concept is shaped by those around you.

II.                Self-Esteem

           A.          Def: Our evaluations of our self-worth.

B.                      It is shaped by how he/she felt about their qualities (tall).

                       C.         How does this effect the way we communicate (defend ones self).

III.       Our self-concept is developed in 3 ways:

1.      (Def.) Reflected Appraisals:  It metaphorically describes the fact that we develop an image of ourselves from the way we think others view us.  (H. S. Sullivan)

*** The Looking Glass:  (Cooley)  We put ourselves in the position of other people and then, in our mind’s eye, view ourselves as we imagine they see us.

a.         We are a reflection of how others have revealed to us, who we are.  By the way they treat us, react to you, talk to you, look at us, etc...

                                               

b.         In other words we are likely to feel less lovable, valuable, & capable to the degree that others have communicated a negative message about ourselves. 

                                               

c.         In contrast, we will probably feel good about ourselves to the extent that others have communicated positive messages about ourselves. 

Your list may reflect some positive/negative messages that you have received throughout your life.

These messages come from significant others such as your parents, siblings and teachers.  And come early in our lives.  These messages are delivered through both verbal/nonverbal messages.

           *      Nonverbally:        Do they look at us if they are glad to see us or hug us when        they see us.  Ignore us, how they look at us, facial expressions.

*           Verbally:        Positive:  your so cute, I love you, what a good girl/boy you 

                                     are.                               

                                               

Negative:  can’t you do anything right, what is the matter                                                                          with you now?  your a bad boy/girl, leave me alone, go away, you drive me crazy.

            *          It takes 7 positive messages to erase 1 negative

                        (keep in mind when communicating with others/children)

Movie-

            The second process regarding how our self-concepts are shaped is called:

2.         Social Comparisons; that is, the conclusions (positive, negative, neutral) we reach when we compare ourselves to other people.  Evaluating ourselves in terms of how we compare with others.

           

a.         We decide if we are superior or inferior by comparing ourselves to others.

                                                            -           Are we attractive or ugly

                                                            -           A success or failure

                                                            -           intelligent or dumb

b.         Social comparison depends on whom we compare ourselves with

-           We may never look like Cindy Crawford, or play basketball like Michael Jordan.

-           Many of us judge ourselves against unreasonable standards and suffer accordingly.   

*          So it is important to recognize that the reference groups against which we compare ourselves play an important role in shaping our self-concept.                

3.         Cultural Expectations:  Our whole notion of the self is shaped by the culture in which we have been reared.

Examples:        Language/out-group and collectivistic vs. individualistic cultures (pg. 51)

III.       Self-Fulfilling Prophecies

A.        Def:  Occurs when a person’s expectation of an outcome makes the outcome more likely to occur than would otherwise have been true.. 

            B.        TWO types of Self-fulfilling prophecies: self-created or other-imposed

1.         Self created prophecies:  are those predictions you make about yourself.  We often talk ourselves into success or failure.

 

                                    Examples:

a.  Going to a party.  You expect to have a good/bad time and you do.

                                                b.  Failing a test and then you do.

In each case there was a good chance that the event occurred because it was predicted to occur - you set yourself up for the end results.

                        2.         Other-imposed prophecies:  Occurs when the expectations of one person govern another’s action. 

                                    Example:

If a teacher tells John, “I can see that you have a terrific ability to remember details; I know that you will be an outstanding member of the debate team,” John is likely to believe this prophecy and will come to act in ways that are consistent with it.

When teachers act as if their students are able, students   buy into that expectation and succeed.  And the opposite can occur as well, tell     students they are not able.

                        *  WE SHOULD TAKE CARE IN WHAT WE SAY TO OTHERS*

IV.       4 general rules to change self-concept

1.                  Have realistic expectations of ourselves:  do not expect to be

perfect

2.                  Have a realistic perception of yourself:  combine weakness with

strengths

            3.         Have the will to change:  this is key

4.         Have the skill to change:  seek good role models, seek advice from books,  couns.

ACTIVITY:   Group Brag!